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What’s a Radiation Therapist? Job Duties, Education & Salary

Learn how to become a radiation therapist and what you’ll do on the job.

therapist readying patient for a scan
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By: All Allied Health Staff

Updated: December 3, 2025

Home » Specialties » Radiation Therapist

Radiation Therapist At a Glance

  • What you’ll do: A radiation therapist works in coordination with radiologists to implement therapeutic treatment plans for patients. Radiation therapists administer radiation therapy to patients under the instruction of oncologists and radiologists, and locate tumors, measure the amount of radiation given and update treatment reports. Most importantly, you’ll follow regulations to protect both patients and practitioners from high doses of radiation.
  • Where you’ll work: Hospitals, physician’s office, cancer hospitals, outpatient care centers, colleges, and universities
  • Degree you’ll need: Associate degree or certificate in radiation therapy to start
  • Median annual salary: $105,310

Education and Training

Radiation therapist programs can range from 1-to-2 years. One-year programs result in a certificate or diploma, while students in 2-year programs will earn associate’s degrees.

One-year programs emphasize supervised clinical education in training facilities like hospitals. The associate’s degree provides in-depth training that focuses both on theoretical knowledge (in the classroom) and hands-on experiences.

Licensing and Certification

There are no certification requirements, but employers often prefer Certified Radiation Therapists, who have passed national examinations that verify their professional skills and knowledge.

The most widely recognized certifying body is the American Registry of Radiologic Technologists (ARRT). Certified radiation therapists must meet education and clinical competency standards set by the ARRT.

Radiation therapists can take the national exam after completing an accredited training program, or after working full-time for two years. Radiation therapists who pass this exam become Certified Radiation Therapists and can renew their certification annually.

Median Annual Radiation Therapist Salary

Take a look at median annual salaries by state for radiation therapists, as reported by the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics.

Radiation Therapists

National data

Median Salary: $105,310

Projected job growth: 2.8%

10th Percentile: $80,560

25th Percentile: $92,060

75th Percentile: $126,340

90th Percentile: $156,710

Projected job growth: 2.8%

State data

State Median Salary Bottom 10% Top 10%
Alabama $87,330 $62,420 $104,670
Arizona $108,760 $83,200 $133,360
Arkansas $78,950 $62,300 $108,910
California $166,450 $130,150 $208,100
Colorado $108,020 $90,970 $130,750
Connecticut $116,170 $84,780 $155,980
District of Columbia $100,250 $82,780 $132,300
Florida $100,920 $80,910 $120,770
Georgia $94,460 $80,670 $128,910
Hawaii $125,520 $110,610 $131,460
Idaho $99,660 $81,540 $126,590
Illinois $124,600 $96,340 $124,850
Indiana $96,690 $75,750 $113,310
Iowa $81,610 $66,590 $102,270
Kansas $108,830 $85,540 $166,680
Kentucky $97,760 $56,010 $127,470
Louisiana $94,710 $76,350 $107,430
Maine $101,980 $85,060 $142,420
Maryland $107,120 $80,790 $132,430
Massachusetts $106,300 $83,160 $133,820
Michigan $95,890 $79,610 $110,030
Minnesota $98,000 $79,540 $108,630
Mississippi $88,100 $68,530 $102,650
Missouri $99,890 $70,340 $133,190
Montana $105,400 $77,220 $135,260
Nebraska $98,670 $69,620 $142,880
Nevada $92,990 $85,860 $127,040
New Hampshire $106,270 $83,310 $123,900
New Jersey $129,460 $109,650 $160,720
New Mexico $100,010 $58,700 $128,540
New York $129,620 $88,590 $163,580
North Carolina $99,250 $79,780 $109,210
Ohio $98,650 $76,640 $123,920
Oklahoma $98,390 $76,310 $125,520
Oregon $131,600 $107,870 $159,500
Pennsylvania $100,540 $77,390 $122,690
South Carolina $100,790 $75,510 $119,890
South Dakota $97,470 $80,140 $138,030
Tennessee $83,520 $77,730 $101,340
Texas $105,770 $88,840 $134,320
Utah $107,660 $92,870 $166,660
Vermont $101,060 $84,070 $124,160
Virginia $103,310 $81,380 $134,620
Washington $125,880 $98,160 $174,670
West Virginia $71,590 $54,880 $106,140
Wisconsin $93,600 $77,980 $114,380

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) 2024 median salary; projected job growth through 2034. Actual salaries may vary depending on location, level of education, years of experience, work environment, and other factors. Salaries may differ even more for those who are self-employed or work part time.

Career Path and Advancement

A career as a radiation therapist offers a spectrum of opportunities for professional growth and advancement. Initially, radiation therapists may start by administering radiation treatments and managing patient care. With experience, they can specialize in areas such as pediatric oncology or brachytherapy, further refining their expertise.

Advanced positions often include supervisory roles, where therapists manage teams, oversee treatment planning, and ensure adherence to safety protocols. For those interested in a broader scope, transitioning into medical physics or radiology offers a path to delve into the more technical aspects of patient imaging and radiation treatment planning.

Some therapists advance their careers by moving into research, education, or sales roles within the medical equipment industry. This diversity in career trajectories underscores the dynamic and evolving nature of the radiation therapy field, catering to various interests and skill sets.

Skills and Qualities Required

The role of a radiation therapist is both technical and empathetic, requiring a unique blend of skills and personal qualities. Technically, a strong foundation in physics, anatomy, and radiation therapy procedures is paramount. Therapists must be detail-oriented to accurately deliver treatment plans and monitor patient progress.

Interpersonal skills are equally critical; they must communicate effectively with patients and families, often in stressful or emotional situations, and work collaboratively with medical teams. Empathy and compassion are essential in providing support and reassurance to patients undergoing treatment.

Additionally, problem-solving skills and adaptability are crucial, as therapists must be able to respond to changing patient conditions and advancements in treatment technology. The ability to work as part of a medical team, often under pressure, is a hallmark of successful radiation therapists.

Challenges and Rewards of the Profession

A career in radiation therapy is marked by a unique set of challenges and rewards. Therapists often work with patients undergoing emotionally and physically taxing cancer treatments, which can be emotionally challenging. They witness the struggles and sometimes the decline of their patients, requiring emotional resilience and the ability to provide compassionate care despite personal feelings.

Balancing clinical responsibilities with the emotional aspects of patient care is a significant challenge. On the flip side, the profession is immensely rewarding. Radiation therapists play a crucial role in the fight against cancer, often forming close bonds with patients and their families. The satisfaction of contributing positively to patient care, witnessing treatment success, and being part of a life-changing medical journey is unparalleled.

Additionally, the field is continuously evolving, offering ongoing learning opportunities and the excitement of working with cutting-edge technology. These rewards make radiation therapy a fulfilling and meaningful career choice. If you’re ready to explore radiation therapy schools, use our handy “Find Schools” widget to browse through vetted programs